Year/No: 1978/13                             ODC : 232.13:176.1 Populus
Author: GOKCE, O., CETIN, A.

Year/No: 1981/2-17                             ODC : 232.12:165.52
Author: SIMSEK, Y.

Year/No: 1982/18                             ODC : 232.12:165.52
Author: SIMSEK, Y., TULUKCU, M.

After theoretical considerations, Marmara and Black Sea regions were planned to be suitable for these species and five experiment sites were established at Kerpe-Izmit, Bektasaga-Sinop, Armutlu-Gemlik, Kayalidag-Izmit and Aksu-Duzce. The results obtained from this investigation showed that P. radiata grew in height better than P. muricata on lower sites. Survival was high on lower sites and generally P. muricata showed better survival performance than P. radiata on those sites. The insect, Evetria buoliana Schiff. caused serious damages on the trees of both species in the experiment sites above 400 m. Frost damage occurred moderately on P. radiata trees but there were no damages on P. muricata trees. According to qualitative characters there were no differences between provenances at Kerpe and Bektasaga experiment sites. Significant differences regarding branch length, branch diameter and the number of branches on the whorls of the trees in Armutlu. P. muricata showed some bad qualitative characters such as long branches, thick branches and acuteangle branches. Therefore P. radiata have better wood quality than P. muricata at this experiment site.

Year/No: 1982/18                             ODC : 165.41:176.1 Populus
Author: ZENGINGONUL, K.A., ALANAY, A., TOPLU, F.

The objective of this study is to find out some individuals as regards fast growth, diseases resistance and high adaptability for various climatic hybridization technique and directions of artificial crossings between P. deltoides (originated from North America) and Populus nigra (originated from Turkey). In this study, three different artificial crossing methods are tested :
1- Polinization on the branches with female flowers is taken to water culture.
2- Polinization on the izolated female flowers on the trees.
3- Polinization on the branches with female flowers, grafted on the plants raising in the pots in the greenhouse.
As a result, third method is found more successfull than the others. After first selection, ten individuals are included in the nursery research works

Year/No: 1983                             ODC : 232.13:176.1 Populus
Authors: TUNCTANER.K, .AKKAN.A., Z.GONUL.K.A., ERTAN.E., AKYILMAZ.M., PAMIR.E., ERTAS.S.

The objective of establishment of the populeta is to select the clones by which maximum wood production can be obtained in poplar plantations in a given region. The most promising clones as regards adaptability and growth performances have been determined for each of the populeta. The populeta and selected clones for each populetum are shown below.
1- Populeta in Marmara Region : 72/58, 293, 64.H, ECO-28, UAS-235, 55/53, 39/61, I-214.
2- Populeta in Aegean Region : I-214, F.II, LW.42, V.S.G., I-476, 72/58, VSB,2, K.38.2, I-488.
3- Populeta in Middle Anatolia Region : 62/172, 56/52, 62/160, 45/51, 62/231, 62/172, 64.H, 62/191.
4- Populeta in Balack Sea Region : I-214, LW.42, S.177-3, ECO-14, S.513-29, 45/51, 77/51, 39/61, 45/51.
5- Populeta in South-east Anatolia Region : 58/2, I-214, 56/52, 45/51, 56/84, I-488, 56/75.
6- Populeta in Mediter. Region : 709, I-214, 58/1, 56/75, 45/51, 58/25, 56/2.
7- Populeta in East Anatolia Region : 62/168, 56/52, 56/75, 58/2.

16) INVESTIGATION ON COMPARISON OF E. CAMALDULENSIS DEHN. ORIGIN TRIALS

Year/No: 1984/20                                                                         ODC: 
Authors: AVCIOGLU, E., ACAR, O.

Turkey has taken part in the project of “Ecological adaptation of Eucalyptus” of the committee for the Mediterranean forest Research of F.A.O. since 1969 with project of “The Origin Comparisons of E.camaldulensis in the Mediterranean Region”. 
Project activities have been realised in nursery and field.
A correlation has been seen between the latitude and the number of the seedlings with ligno-tuber. The number of the seedlings with ligno-tuber increase in northern latitudes.
Size of the leaves and elevation showed acorrelation. Those, which is grown in lower sites, have bigger than the leaves of the trees grown in higher places. The number of branches of the seedlings increases form south to north.
No correlation was observeed between height growth, elevation and latitude. As for as colour and branch transects are concerned no significant differencies were observed among origins. The shape of branch transects in square in all origins.
In second step of the project was field trials, which were established in Tarsus- Karabucak, Adana-Saricam, Fethiye- Cirpi. According to 10 year observations the best origins were Karabucak (native origin) in Tarsus, number 7046 at Saricam- Adana number 6845 at Çirpi-Fethiye. 

Year/No: 1984/20                             ODC : 232.13:176.1 Eucalyptus
Author: AVCIOGLU, E., GURSES, K.

The purpose of this project is to select the best eucalyptus species adapting to different site conditions in Turkey and determine species which will be used in covering Mediterranean, Aegean, South Eastern, Eastern Black Sea and Marmara regions, in between the years of 1969 and 1975.
Randomised block design with 2 or 3 replications was used and 141 species/provenances were included in 25 trials. General area was divided into 7 climatical regions for assesments and satisfactory species in three regions were determined as follows :
1- Aegean Region : E. camaldulensis, E. blakelyi and E. sideroxylon.
2- Aegean-Mediterranean transition zone :
a) Low altidute : E. camaldulensis, E. globulus, E. bicostata, E.tereticornis.
b) High altidute : E. maideni, E. camaldulensis, E. sideroxylon, E. cinerea.
3- Mediterranean Region :
a) Low altidute : E. saligna, E. bicostata, E. stuartiana, E. grandis, E. tereticornis, E. botryoides, E. camaldulensis, E. occidentalis, E.gomphocephala, E. globulus, E. astringens, E. maideni.
b) High altidute : E. camaldulensis, E. cinerea, E. dwyeri, E.sideroxylon, E. oviformis, E. bosistoana, E. maideni, E. diversicolor, E.blakelyi.
4- Mediterranean-South East transition zone :E. camaldulensis, E. blakelyi.
5- South East Anatolia region : There is no satisfactory species.
6- Eastern Black Sea Region :E. viminalis, E. camaldulensis, E. stuartiana.
7- Marmara Region : E. viminalis, E. maideni, E. camaldulensis, E. ovata. E. bridgesiana.

Year/No: 1985                             ODC : 232.12
Authors: TUNCTANER.K.,TULUKCU.M.,TOPLU.F.

Eastern Cottonwood (P. deltoides Bartr.) has a large geographic range of distribution in Northern America and it plays an important role in poplar breeding programmes and in production of poplar wood. Therefore, this poplar species is much involved in tree improvement programmes in many countries. In Turkey, some cottonwood origins were obtained from U.S. Poplar Council in 1974-1975 and selections were started with the establishment of two field trials at Torbali and Izmit by Poplar Research Institute in 1979.
Girth and height measurements were taken in both of the field trials in the years of 1979-1985. Foliation and defolation dates were determined and stem form, crown form and crown width of origins were estimated only in the trial located at Izmit in 1983-1985.
Significant differences have been found between the girth and height measurements of the origins. The provenances 74-001 (Texas) at Torbali field trial and the provenance 74-047 (Tennessee) at Izmit trial have shown the best performance of growth as regards the measurements made in 1985.
Generally, the growth rates of the provenances from Southern States have proven better compared to those from Northern States in both the field trials. Close relationships were found between the gowth rates of origins recorded beginning the establishment of trial in 1979 and after seven years in 1985 (Girth: r=0.651, height: r=0.624).
Provenances from Sothern States (Texas, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee) started flushing earlier and defoliation was terminated later. The length of period between the dates of foliation and defoliation is positively correlated with the rate of growth by the end of trial in 1985 (Girth: r=0.789, Height: r=0.747).
Provenances did not show any significant difference as regards their stem and crown form. But, Southern provenances have slightly developed larger crowns compared to other provenances.

Year/No: 1985/21                             ODC : 232.12
Authors: TUNCTANER, K., TULUKCU, M., TOPLU, F.

It is known that industrial reforestations with fast growing tree species have great importance in order to overwhelm the growing deficiency of wood production in Turkey as well as anywhere else. Maritime Pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) is one of the most promising species that is used in such industrial plantations. Many field trials have been established in order to select the most suitable origins to various ecological conditions as regards the condition of growth and the resistance to biotic and abiotic factors in the regions of Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean. 43 origins were tested at 13 trial sites established in these regions.
The objective of establishing industrial forest plantations with Maritime Pine is to increase quantity of wood production as much as possible. Therefore, in comparison of tree origins, the emphasis is given to the combine effect of rate of survival (RS), tree height (h) and tree diameter (d) which can be expressed as follows: (RS x h x d2). Resistance to snow damages were also taken into consideration on sites subject to snow damages.
Stem analyses were made for sample trees of pre-selected origins and their volumes were calculated in terms of stand volume per hectar. Using these volume data, regression analyses were made to estimate the expected voume of satnds to be achieved at the age of 20.
The folowing origins have shown the best performance of growth on the expeimental plots located in the corresponding regions of Turkey.

Year/No: 1986                             ODC : 232.12:174.7
Authors: TUNCTANER.K.,TULUKCU.M.,TOPLU.F.